Effluent Treatment Plant For Hospitals

For such reasons, environmentalists place a huge importance upon effluent treatment plants for hospitals and the effluent menace is categorized as Black water, Grey water and Storm water.

However, when a superior plants for effluent treatment is being installed at hospital sites, following process gets underway which can be divided into stages:

• Preliminary Treatment Stage,
• Primary Treatment Stage,
• Secondary Treatment Phase,
• Tertiary or Final Treatment.

Effluent Treatment Plant For Hospitals, at preliminary stage, bar screens are utilized for extracting big solids such as plastic, pens, bottles, rags, paper etc which flow along sewage. If such huge mass are not removed, then plant components, bars and blades can be damaged by their presence. Further, the process of sedimentation is implemented whereby stones, grit and sand when the wastewater flows into grit tank and the speed of flow is slowed down drastically with a strategy. Following this, primary stage arrives where physical and chemical methods are put in use to refine wastewater further, which was left in earlier stage after which wastewater is sent to a sedimentation tank where heavier articles settle down to the bottom while smaller and lighter ones float on surface. Skimming process is implemented where lighter ones are skimmed resulting in the removal of upto 65% of suspended particles from the wastewater. Grit chambers are designed to extract grit but the heavier objects which settle down is called primary sludge and is sent to disposal tank and water which is half clean, is allowed to enter for next stage processing.

Secondary Stage arrives where biological treatment methods are applied which removes upto 80% more dirt from remaining wastewater. Most of the effluent treatment plants for hospitals make use of activated sludge process, where air is supplied in order to encourage the growth of microbes which let the organic matter to split. Again, heavy items settle onto bottom (known as secondary effluent) while lighter ones reaches the top. At last stage, disinfection technologies are relied upon which make use of ozone, chlorine, UV rays to procure toxic elements as are contained by wastewater and it results in removal of phosphorus, nitrogen and other harmful chemicals making wastewater safe to dispose or reuse.

Pre-treatment Or Preliminary Treatment Level:-
Here, the solids with larger size are removed certain activities are involved such as coarse screening, grit removal or crushing big solids into smaller objects. After such treatment, the wastewater is sent to next step of treatment level.

Primary Treatment Level:-
Gross filtration takes place so as to remove the big volume of solid objects that are still left in the effluent and here upto 50% or 60% f suspended solids are taken out, which also include oil, grease, nitrogen, phosphorus etc which remains glued to such solid objects.

Secondary Treatment Level:-
Here, aerobic and anaerobic processes are initiated to remove the suspended solids as well as other residual matter. The sludge process which is activated is the most commonly used and relied one where aeration tank is put into action containing oxygen that is supplied to microorganisms and as a result of which, biodegradable waste is removed thereby.

Tertiary Treatment Level:-
The sole purpose of such level is to completely rid the effluent of any harmful chemicals and contents, before it is left open to be mixed into the environment. Here, just like a fresh start, the hazardous elements are removed which are left during earlier levels and disinfection process is the key feature which chlorine, UV light, ozone etc are included and as a result of this, no contaminant is left in the effluent and it is termed safe to dispose into the environment and such water can be recycled and reused too.

WASTE WATER AND TREATED WATER CHARACTERSTICS:-
Wastewater will have the following characteristics of before and after treatment as per PCB norms. As the BOD load is equally distributed in daily discharge, no separate BOD removal is suggested.